Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 - Essay physical exertionGlucose is the major source of energy and is often derived from food and the livers ability to manufacture glucose from its animal starch stores. During the first phase of the disease, insulin secretion is regulated with the balanced production and output of glucose by the liver. The defects of the beta-cell function, results in the pass of inhibitory effects (Daniels & Nicoll, 2011). During a carbohydrate load from a meal, glucose production by the liver is not a requirement, however, owing to the loss of inhibitory effects, the liver continues to produce glucose thus contributing to a give in of hyperglycemia in the body (Daniels & Nicoll, 2011). In the pre-diabetes state, the gamey glucose levels build up over the years and at long last triggers insulin secretion (hyperinsulinemia), for the purposes of regulating blood glucose and to counteract the tissues that are resistant to insulin. During the second phase, the beta-cells continue to secrete high levels of insulin for years to regulate blood glucose levels. Eventually, the beta-cells failure occurs resulting in a decrease in insulin production. These slow and stealthy pathophysiologic changes in type 2 diabetes occur gradually taking up to 20 years to soften (Daniell & Nicoll, 2011). There are a number of identifiable risk factors of diabetes. These factors include obesity, old age, family accounting of diabetes, and history of gestational diabetes, insulin resistance, impaired glucose metabolism, physical inactivity and less than optimum intrauterine environment.